Clumpy clay soil can make it difficult for plants to take root.
In general, there are three types of soil for lawns: clay, loam and sand. Each type has advantages and drawbacks when trying to maintain a healthy lawn. Clay soil is made of tiny particles that cling together. The density of this soil can make it difficult for grass and flowers to grow, especially if the lawn is constantly wet; when wet, the clay tends to clump together. Careful care can produce a healthy clay lawn.
Planting
When it comes to growing grass or other plants and flowers, clay soil can be difficult to work with. When the soil is dry it becomes hard, almost like brick; the roots of most flowers will be unable to penetrate this tough soil. When it is wet, clay soil become soft and clumpy, and roots can sink lower into the soil and potentially away from warmth and sunlight.
If you want to play trees or shrubs on your lawn, consult with a garden center or nursery regarding plants that grow best in your area and can thrive in clay soil. Willow trees, horse chestnut trees, elms and apple trees are just a few trees that can grow in clay soil, while some shrubs such honeysuckle and dogwood can also thrive. Choose your plants carefully.
When planting a tree or shrub, locate the root flare, which is where the roots start to grow away from the main trunk of the plant. This root flare should be planted at or even just above the clay soil, in a bowl-shaped hole that is twice the size of the root ball. This shallow planting will ensure that, even if the roots sink slightly, they can still receive proper light, water, heat and nutrition to keep the plant thriving.
Remember that these plants can only thrive in clay soil if their light, temperature, food and water needs are also met.
Watering
Clay soil can be difficult to water. The tightly-packed particles of the clay mean that it takes a long time for water to absorb into thesoil; once it is absorbed, it does not drain well, and can sit in the soil for days or weeks. This can lead to thirsty plants, or to root damage from sitting water.
Water your grass and plants in clay soil with ½ in. of water three times per week. The space of time between watering sessions allows the soil to drain out the old water; the small amount of water given in each session means that there will not be excess water to just sit on the surface.
Aerating
Because of its compact nature, clay soil does not have the small holes that other soils have. These holes generally promote airflow through the plants and grass on your lawn, contributing to healthy, dryer soil and better growing plants.
Aerating your clay soil twice per season will help to get the air flowing. Aeration holes will also help the clay to drain water faster.
Aerate in early spring and early fall; there should be at least 4 weeks left in the growing season when you aerate for the second time, so that the grass and plants have time to adjust to the new soil condition. Aerate your lawn when the soil is slightly moist but not wet; wet clay will clog the aerator.
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